Ukwahlukaniswa KwamaPerforators Okushaja Okumise

Ubuchwepheshe be ukubhoboza okumise okweshajayaqalwa ngo-1946-1948 futhi yavela ezikhalini zokulwa nezikhali. Ubuchwepheshe bokubhoboza ukushaja okumise okwezimo bubhekisela ekuhlanganisweni kokushaja okumise okwezimo nezinye izingxenye zokubhoboza ukwakheka. Iyunithi eyinhloko yalobu buchwepheshe ishaja emise okwesimo. Ishaja enomumo iqukethe izingxenye ezintathu eziyisisekelo: igobolondo, iziqhumane kanye nolayini. Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zeziqhumane ezisetshenziswa ekushajelweni kokubhoboza, njenge-RDX (RDX), i-HMX (i-Octogen), i-HNS (hexanitrodi), i-pyx (piwick), i-Acot (i-tacot). Ishaja enomumo ibhobozwa umthelela wokushaja okumise. Umthelela wokuqongelela amandla uwukuthuthukisa umthelela wenkokhiso ekucekeleni phansi kwendawo okuphakathi nendawo ephambi komgodi ngokusebenzisa ikhoni noma izimbobo ze-parabolic ekugcineni kwenkokhiso.

1. Isibhobho sokushaja esimise okwesimo

I-perforator eshaja enomumo iwuhlobo lwe-perforator esebenzisa ijethi yokushaja enomumo enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa, umfutho ophezulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu esikhiqizwe umphumela wokushaja omise okwesiqhumane ukuze uqedele umsebenzi wokubhoboza. Ngokusho kwesakhiwo sayo, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-perforator enomzimba wesibhamu kanye ne-perforator ngaphandle komzimba wesibhamu.

(1) Isibhobo esinomzimba esimise okwesibhobo siwukuhlanganiswa kokubhoboza okwakhiwa ngesibhobo esimise okumile, ipayipi lensimbi elivalekile (isibhamu esibhobozayo), uhlaka lwezinhlamvu, izingxenye zokuqhunyiswa kwezimbobo (noma izinsimbi) nezinye izingxenye.

(2) Isibhobho esingenamzimba wesibhamu sakhiwe ngesibhamu sembobo ngaphandle komzimba, ifreyimu yenhlamvu (noma ipayipi lensimbi elingavaliwe), izingxenye zokudlulisa ukuqhunyiswa (noma amadivaysi), njll.

Ukusebenza kwe-perforator eshaja enomumo kuhlobene ngokuqondile nomthelela wokubhoboza kanye nomthelela kanye nokulimala kwemvelo ye-downhole ngemva kokubhoboza. Ngakho-ke, i-perforator ngokuvamile ihlolwa ngokusebenza kokungena (okuhlanganisa ukujula kokungena kanye nobubanzi bembobo), ukuguqulwa kwe-perforator (ukunwetshwa kobubanzi bangaphandle, ukuqhekeka, njll.), umonakalo we-casing (ukunwetshwa kobubanzi bangaphandle, ukuphakama kwe-burr yangaphakathi, ukuqhekeka).

2. Ukuhlelwa kwezimbobo zokushaja ezinomumo ngaphandle komzimba

(1) Izici eziyinhloko zohlaka lwensimbi lwensimbi lwezimbobo zokushaja ezinomumo

Uhlaka lwasentwasahlobo luyizintambo ezimbili zensimbi eziwugqinsi eziqondile noma izintambo zensimbi ezakhiwe, 0° noma 180°. Lolu hlobo lwesibhobo esishajwe esinomumo singasetshenziswa embotsheni evulekile noma ngokubhobozwa kweshubhu, futhi lufaneleka kakhulu ukubhobozwa kongqimba oluncane oluncane.

(2) Izici eziyinhloko zohlobo lwepuleti lensimbi lama-perforators ashaja abunjiwe

Izici eziyinhloko: Uhlaka lwasentwasahlobo lwenziwe ngeshidi lensimbi ye-strip. Ifaneleka ku-0 degree, 90 degrees kanye no-180 degrees noma ukubhobozwa kwesigaba.

(3) Izici eziyinhloko zohlobo oluxhunyiwe lwezimbobo zokushaja ezinomumo

Izici eziyinhloko: Izindleko zokubhoboza zenziwe ngegobolondo le-aluminium alloy. Iziphetho ezingenhla nezingezansi zegobolondo zakha amalunga owesilisa nowesifazane ngokulandelana, ukuze kwakheke uchungechunge lwezindleko ngemva kokumisa uxhumano lochungechunge. Izindleko zokubhoboza zakha i-perforator kanye nezingxenye zekhanda nomsila. Idivayisi yokulinganisa izoxhunywa engxenyeni engenhla yesibhamu lapho isebenza emthonjeni, ngaphandle kwalokho akunakwenzeka ukugijima emthonjeni. Lolu hlobo lwe-perforator lunamandla aphansi futhi luzokwakha izingcezu ezinkulu nezingaphezulu ngemuva kokubhoboza. Ingowe-perforator "yokubhujiswa okuphelele", futhi ukulimala kwayo ku-casing kubi kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo. Kunezinguquko eziningi ku-perforation phase density, ezingakhethwa.

Izibhamu ezinamandla zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana namazinga aphezulu embonini ngokuklama okuqinile, ukukhiqiza, ukuhlola, nezinqubo zokuhlola. Simagange ukubambisana nawe ukuthuthukisa imboni kawoyela negesi. Ukuze uthole izibhamu ezibhobozayo zekhwalithi ephezulu, ukumba, kanye nemishini yokugawula eqediwe, sicela usithinte ukuze uthole ukwesekwa okukhethekile komkhiqizo kanye nenkonzo yomuntu siqu.

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