Iindidi zeePaki eziZisigxina kunye neZixhobo zokuSeta

Abapakisheli abasisigxina banokuhlulwa ngokwendlela efunekayo ukuseta ipakethe. Intambo yoMbane, kunye neHydraulic, zimbini iindlela zokuseta ezikhoyo.

Iseti yocingo

I-wireline set packer iyona nto isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo naluphi na uhlobo lompakisho osisigxina. Inokuqhutywa kwaye ibekwe ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo kubunzulu obumiselwe kwangaphambili. Emva kokuba i-packer iseti, aindibano yokutywinakwaye iityhubhu zifakwa equleni. Nje ukuba udibaniso lwetywina lutywinwe kwipaki, ubude betyhubhu buhlengahlengiswe kumphezulu (ucandiwe) kwaye iqula ligqitywe.

Ezinye iimeko eziqhelekileyo kunye/okanye izicelo zomnxeba wombane usete umpakishi osisigxina ukuba abandakanye:

• Ukucwangcisa ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo - ngokusebenzisa ikiti ye-adapter, umpakishi unamathele kwisixhobo sokumisela kunye ne-collar locator evumela ukulungelelaniswa kobunzulu obuchanekileyo. Amanqaku esalathiso sesithuba esibalulekileyo sesixhobo, ipaki ye-sump yepakethi yegrabile, kunye nokwahlula “iindlela ezisondeleleneyo” yimizekelo embalwa yokuchaneka.
• Iseti enzulu yesakhono – ubunzulu obuncinci bokubeka ubunzulu kufuneka buthintelwe ziimfuno zokusila.
• Ngokudityaniswa kwezixhobo zokuncedisa, zingasetyenziswa njengethutyanaiplagi yebhulorho(Iplagi yokugcina isamente). Ulwakhiwo oluthatha ulwelo okanye ukuqhekeza indawo ngaphezulu kompakishi zizicelo eziqhelekileyo zolu buchule.
• Ukuba uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, okanye indawo engathathi hlangothi (JongaIzibalo zeNdawo engathathi hlangothi kwi-Drill String) ngaphandle kuyafuneka kwityhubhu.
• Iyakwazi ukwamkela iintshukumo ezinkulu zetyhubhu ezinamatywina adadayo okanye amalungiselelo okuhamba ngokudibeneyo.
• Ukusetyenziswa komhlwa okuphezulu - ngenxa yenyani yokutyhileka kwelungu elinyiniweyo, ipesenti encinci yopakisho ifuna ukusetyenziswa kwealloyi ebiza imali eninzi ekwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa nto leyo enciphisa iindleko.
• Ityhubhu itsalwa ngokulula (ukukhubeka kombhobho) akukho okanye kuncinci kakhulu ukujikeleziswa kwetyhubhu efunekayo ngokuxhomekeke kuqwalaselo lwendibano yetywina.
• Ityhubhu igqithiselwe ukugqobhoza- abapakishi abasisigxina bafaneleka ngokufanelekileyo kwesi sicelo kwinto yokuba amandla othusayo awenziwe yi-perforator akayi kukhulula ngengozi ipakethe esisigxina. Amandla ombane wombane aya kumisela ubungakanani bendibano yompu enokwenzeka.
• Uvavanyo lwezowuni kunye nomsebenzi wokuvuselela zezinye izicelo eziqhelekileyo ze-wireline set packers esisigxina.

Isixhobo sokuSeta i-Hydraulic

Kukho iimeko xa kunqweneleka ukuqhuba i-wireline set packer, nangona kunjalo, iimeko zomngxuma zinokuthintela ukusebenzisa umgca wombane. Ukulungiselela ukusebenza kweseti yeentambo zombane, isixhobo sokuseta i-hydraulic sinokusetyenziswa. Isixhobo sokuseta i-hydraulic sithatha indawo yesixhobo sokumisela intambo yombane xa iimeko ziyalela. Umpakishi unamathele kwisixhobo sokumisela i-hydraulic kwaye uqhube emthonjeni kumbhobho. Kanye ngobunzulu, ibhola yehla ngombhobho kwisixhobo sokubeka. Uxinzelelo lwempompo ye-Hydraulic lusebenza isixhobo sokumisela esibangela ukuba umpakishi abeke. Isixhobo sokuseta i-hydraulic kunye nomtya wokusebenza zitsalwa ngaphandle kwequla kwaye izitywina zemveliso kunye netyhubhu ziqhutywa ukugqibezela iqula.

Eminye imiqathango enokufuna ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo sokuseta ulwelo olumanzi zezi:

• Ubunzima beNdibano. Ukuba umpakishi kunye nezixhobo eziqhotyoshelweyo zinobunzima obungaphezulu kombane wombane unokuxhasa, indibano inokuqhutywa kwaye ibekwe kumbhobho usebenzisa isixhobo sokumisa i-hydraulic.
• Iindawo ezixineneyo kwiibhokisi. Ubunzima bomsebenzi ungasetyenziselwa "ukutyhala" umpakishi kwindawo eqinile kwi-casing. Le yimeko ebuthathaka kakhulu kwaye ukhathalelo olugqithisileyo kunye nesantya esicothayo sokubaleka kufuneka siphunyezwe.
• Ukudityaniswa kwetywina kumzantsi wendibano yokupakisha. Ukuba isipakishi esisezantsi ebesisete ngaphambili sikhona, izitywini zompakisheli osezantsi kusenokufuneka zityhalelwe kulo paki kusetyenziswa ubunzima bomsebenzi.
• I-angle ephezulu yokutenxa. Njengeengile yokutenxa (ukugrumba kwicala) iba mkhulu, inqanaba lifikelelwa apho umpakishi engasayi “kutyibilika” ezantsi equleni. Lo mqathango ufuna ukuqhuba ipakethe kumbhobho.
• Udaka olunzima equleni. Udaka olungqindilili, olubonakalayo (Iipropati zodaka) inokuthintela indibano yokupakisha ukuba ingawi yodwa. Kwakhona, ubunzima bombhobho bunokufunwa ukutyhala indibano yokupakisha ezantsi komngxuma.

Iseti ye-Hydraulic esisigxina

Isethi ye-hydraulic packer esisigxina iqhutywa equleni kwityhubhu. Olu hlobo lwepakethe luqulethe i-piston / i-cylinder ilungiselelo elihlala lihlala kwindawo esezantsi yepakethe. Isixhobo sokuplaga kufuneka sifakwe kwityhubhu engezantsi kompakisho. Esi sixhobo sokuplaga sikholisa ukuba sisibambisi sebhola okanye ingono yokumisa ngocingo. Indibano yonke (ulungiselelo lwetywina, ipakethe, isixhobo sokuplaga) kufuneka senziwe phezu komhlaba phambi kokuba umpakishi afakwe equleni. Emva kokuba ubunzulu obufanelekileyo bufikelelwe kwaye iplagi isendaweni, uxinzelelo olufakwe phantsi kwe-tubing lubeka ipakethe.

Zimbini iingenelo ezinkulu zendalo ezinxulumene ne-hydraulic set packer esisigxina. Zezi:

• Umsebenzi wohambo olunye. Umpakishi unokuqhutyelwa kubunzulu kwaye umthi weKrisimesi ufakwe ngaphambi kokuseta ipakethe. Oku kunenzuzo xa ixesha le-rig kunye neendleko ziyinkxalabo enkulu.
• Umthamo omkhulu wokuhamba uyafuneka. A phezuluisitya esikhazimlisiweyo(PBR) okanye i-overshot seal assembly isetyenziswa ngolu hlobo lokupakisha. Akukho ndibano itywina kwi mandrel packer, ngaloo ndlela ukubonelela indawo flow enkulu.

Izicelo eziphambili zeeseti zehydraulic ezisisigxina zipakisha ziquka:

• Ukuxhoma ubunzima obunzima
• Umthamo omkhulu wokuhamba ofunekayo
• Uphambuke kakuhle
• Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye/okanye uxinzelelo
• Udaka olunzima equleni

Amandla anokubonelela ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokugqibezela imisebenzi, kubandakanywa abapakishi abahambelana nemigangatho ye-API 11D1, kunye neentlobo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zokumisela izixhobo. Iipakethi kunye nezixhobo zokumisela ezivela kwi-Vigor zisetyenziswe ngamaxesha amaninzi kwindawo yomthengi, kwaye iziphumo zokumisela ziye zadlula ukulindela kwabathengi. Ukuba unomdla kwi-packers kunye nezixhobo zokuseta ezenziwe yi-Vigor, nceda unganqikazi ukudibana nathi ukuze ufumane inkxaso yezobugcisa kunye neemveliso ezisemgangathweni.