Imigangatho kunye noHlelo lwePacker

I-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) kunye ne-American Petroleum Institute (API) yenze umgangatho [reference ISO 14310: 2001 (E) kunye ne-API Specification 11D1 enenjongo yokuseka izikhokelo zabo bobabini abavelisi kunye nabasebenzisi bokugqibela ekukhetheni, ekwenzeni, ekuyilweni. , kunye novavanyo lwebhubhoratri yeentlobo ezininzi zokupakisha ezikhoyo kwiimarike zanamhlanje. Mhlawumbi okona kubaluleke ngakumbi, imigangatho ikwaseka ubuncinci beeparamitha apho umenzi kufuneka athobele ibango lokuthobela. UMgangatho waMazwe ngaMazwe ucwangciswe ngeemfuno zolawulo lomgangatho kunye nokuqinisekiswa koyilo kumanqanaba asezantsi. Kukho amabanga amathathu, okanye amanqanaba, amiselwe ukulawula umgangatho kunye namabakala amathandathu (kunye nebakala elilodwa elikhethekileyo) ukwenzela ukuqinisekiswa koyilo.

Imigangatho yomgangatho iqala kwibakala Q3 ukuya kwiQ1, kunye nebakala Q3 elithwele ezona mfuno zisezantsi kunye ne-Q1 echaza elona nqanaba liphezulu lokuhlola kunye neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa ukwenziwa. Izibonelelo zisekwa ukuvumela umsebenzisi wokugqibela ukuba aguqule izicwangciso zomgangatho ukuhlangabezana nesicelo sakhe esithile ngokubandakanya iimfuno ezongezelelweyo "njengeemfuno ezongezelelweyo."

Amabanga amathandathu omgangatho wokuqinisekisa uyilo asusela ku-V6 ukuya ku-V1. I-V6 lelona bakala lisezantsi, kwaye i-V1 imele inqanaba eliphezulu lovavanyo. Ibakala elikhethekileyo le-V0 libandakanyiwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zokwamkelwa. Oku kulandelayo sisishwankathelo esifutshane esichaza iimfuno ezisisiseko zamanqanaba ahlukeneyo eenqobo zokwamkela uvavanyo.

Umboneleli/ umenzi weBakala V6 uchaziwe

Eli lelona bakala lisezantsi elisekiweyo. Umgangatho wokusebenza kulo mzekelo uchazwa ngumenzi weemveliso ezingahambelaniyo nemilinganiselo yovavanyo efumaneka kumabakala V0 ukuya ku-V5.

Uvavanyo lolwelo lweBakala V5

Kulo bakala, umpakishi kufuneka abekwe kwi-casing yangaphakathi ye-ID (i-ID) elinganiselwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu elicetyiswayo. Iiparamitha zokuvavanya zifuna ukuba isetwe ngowona mandla opakishoyo amancinci okanye uxinzelelo njengoko kuchaziwe ngumenzi. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwenziwa ngamanzi okanye ioli ye-hydraulic ukuya kumlinganiselo ophezulu wokuhlukana-uxinzelelo lompakisho. Uhlengahlengiso oluphindwe kabini loxinzelelo kwisixhobo sonke luyafuneka, oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka kungqinwe ukuba umpakishi uya kubamba uxinzelelo ukusuka phezulu nangaphantsi. Amaxesha okubanjwa kuvavanyo ngalunye kufuneka ubuncinane abe yimizuzu eli-15 ubude. Ekupheleni kovavanyo, iipakethe ezinokubuyiswa kufuneka zikwazi ukususwa kwi-test fixture ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zoyilo olujoliswe kuyo.

Uvavanyo lolwelo lweBakala V4 + imithwalo ye-axial

Kweli bakala, zonke iiparamitha ezikwiBakala V5 ziyasebenza. Ukongeza kwindlela yokupasa V5, kufuneka kungqinwe ukuba umpakishi uya kubamba uxinzelelo oludityanisiweyo kunye noxinzelelo kunye nemithwalo eqinile, njengoko ipapashiwe kwimvulophu yokusebenza yomenzi.

Uvavanyo lolwelo lweBakala V3 + imithwalo ye-axial + ukukhwela ibhayisekile kobushushu

Zonke iikhrayitheriya zovavanyo ezigunyazisiweyo kwiBakala V4 zisebenza ku-V3. Ukufezekisa isatifikethi se-V3, umpakishi naye kufuneka aphumelele uvavanyo lomjikelo wobushushu. Kuvavanyo lomjikelo weqondo lokushisa, umpakishi kufuneka abambe ubuninzi boxinzelelo oluchaziweyo kwimida ephezulu kunye nesezantsi yokushisa apho ipakethe yenzelwe ukusebenza. Uvavanyo luqalwa kubushushu obukhulu, njengakwiV4 kunye neV5. Emva kokudlula le nxalenye yovavanyo, ukushisa kuvunyelwe ukupholisa ubuncinci, kwaye kusetyenziswe olunye uvavanyo loxinzelelo. Emva kokuphumelela uvavanyo lobushushu obuphantsi, umntu opakishayo naye kufuneka aphumelele umahluko-noxinzelelo emva kokuba iqondo lobushushu leseli yovavanyo liphakanyiselwe kubushushu obuphezulu.

Uvavanyo lwegesi yeBakala V2 + imithwalo ye-axial

Iiparamitha zovavanyo ezifanayo ezisetyenziswa kwi-V4 zisebenza kwiBanga le-V2, kodwa indawo yovavanyo itshintshwa ngumoya okanye initrogen. Umyinge wokuvuza we-20 cm3 yegesi ngexesha lokubanjwa uyamkeleka, nangona kunjalo, izinga alinakunyuka ngexesha lokubamba.

Uvavanyo lwegesi yeBanga le-V1 + imithwalo ye-axial + ukukhwela ibhayisekile kobushushu

Iiparamitha zovavanyo ezifanayo ezisetyenziswa kwi-V3 zisebenza kwiBanga le-V1, kodwa indawo yovavanyo itshintshwa ngumoya okanye initrogen. Ngokufanayo novavanyo lwe-V2, izinga lokuvuza kwe-20 cm3 yegesi ngexesha lokubamba liyamkeleka, kwaye izinga alinakunyuka ngexesha lokubamba.

UVavanyo oluKhethekileyo lweGas yeBanga le-V0 + Imithwalo ye-Axial + iBhayisikile yoBubushushu + iBubble Tight Gas Seal Eli libakala elikhethekileyo lokuqinisekisa elongezelweyo ukuhlangabezana neenkcukacha zabathengi apho kufuneka isitywina segesi esiqinileyo. Iiparamitha zokuvavanya zifana nezo ze-V1, kodwa izinga lokuvuza kwegesi alivumelekanga ngexesha lokubamba.

Ukuba i-packer ikufanelekele ukusetyenziswa kwibakala eliphezulu, inokuthathwa ifanelekile ukuba isetyenziswe kuwo nawaphi na amabakala asezantsi okuqinisekisa. Umzekelo, ukuba ivavanyiwe ukuya kwibakala V4, kuyamkelwa ukuba umenzi-pakhi uyahlangabezana okanye agqithe kwiimfuno zenkonzo ye-V4, V5, kunye ne-V6 yezicelo.

Iipakethi ze-Vigor ziveliswa ngokuhambelana ngokungqongqo kunye nemigangatho ye-API 11D1, kwaye umgangatho ophezulu weemveliso uye waqatshelwa ngabathengi abaninzi kwaye ufikelele kwisicwangciso sentsebenziswano sexesha elide kunye ne-Vigor. Ukuba unomdla kwi-packers ye-Vigor okanye ezinye iimveliso zokugaya kunye nokugqitywa, nceda unganqikazi ukuqhagamshelana nathi ngenkxaso yezobuchwepheshe.

Iimbekiselo

1.Intl. Std., ISO 14310, Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries—Downhole Equipment—Packers and Bridge Plugs, uhlelo lokuqala. Ref. ISO 14310:2001 (E),(2001-12-01).

I-2.Inkcazo ye-API 11D1, i-Petroleum kunye ne-Natural Gas Industries-I-Downhole Equipment-Packers kunye ne-Bridge Plugs, uhlelo lokuqala. 2002. ISO 14310:2001.