Isipakishi esisiGxina kunye nePaki efumanekayo

Isipakishi esisisigxina

Izakhiwo ezichazwe njengesigxina ziyasuswa kwimithombo yamanzi ngokusila. Ezi zakhiwo ezilula kwaye zibonelela ngeqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kunye noxinzelelo lokusebenza. Ubuncinci bedayamitha yangaphandle yeeyunithi ezisisigxina zenza ukuba kube lula ukucoceka ngaphakathi komtya wecasing. Ulwakhiwo oludityanisiweyo lubavumela ukuba bathetha-thethane ngezahlulo ezimxinwa kunye nokunxaxha okufunyenwe kumthombo. Ubukhulu bayo obungaphakathi bedayamitha bubenza balungele ukusetyenziswa kunye neentambo zetyhubhu ezinobubanzi obuninzi kunye nokugqitywa kwe-monobore.

Ziqhutywa kwaye zisetwe kusetyenziswa iingcingo zombane, imibhobho yokubhobhoza, okanye iityhubhu. Nje ukuba isetiwe, izinto ziyaxhathisa kwintshukumo evela nakweliphi na icala. Iisetingi zeentambo zombane zisasaza umsinga wombane ukuseta umpakishi ngokudubula kwentlawulo eqhumayo. Emva koko i-stud yokukhulula iyahlula indibano kwi-packer. Izinto ezisisigxina zilungele amaqula anoxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye ukwahluka komthwalo wetyhubhu.

Ipakishe efumanekayo

Abapakisheli abanokubuyiswa baquka zombini iimodeli zoxinzelelo oluphantsi / ubushushu obuphantsi (LP / LT) kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu / ubushushu obuphezulu (HP / HT). Ezi mveliso zibiza kakhulu kunezakhiwo ezisisigxina ezibonelela ngokuthelekisa ukusebenza ngenxa yokuntsokotha koyilo lwazo xa zidityaniswe nezixhobo eziphambili. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezifana nokukhululeka kokususa i-packer wellbore kunye nokuphinda zisetyenziswe zisebenza ukulungisa isalathisi seendleko.

Iimveliso zikwahlulahlula kwakhona kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:

Ukusetwa ngoomatshini: Ukusetwa kufezekiswa ngokushukuma kwetyhubhu kolunye uhlobo. Oku mhlawumbi kuquka ukujikeleziswa okanye ukuya phezulu/ezantsi intshukumo. Ngaphaya koko, umthwalo ubandakanyeka ekusekweni kweeyunithi njengoko ubunzima betyhubhu bucinezela okanye bandise into yokutywina. Ukutsala umtya kukhulula izinto. Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu kumaqula angekho nzulu, athe ngqo anoxinzelelo oluphantsi.

Iseti yoxinzelelo: Izinto zokupakisha zolu didi zisetwa ngokutsalwa koxinzelelo olubekwe kwityhubhu. I-Slack isebenza ukukhulula into. Asebenza kakuhle kumaqula angekho nzulu anomahluko woxinzelelo oluphakathi.

Ukujikeleza-iseti: Ezi zisebenzisa ukujikeleza kwetyhubhu ukuseta ngoomatshini kunye nokutshixa kwicandelo.

Iseti yeHydraulic: Olu didi lusebenza ngoxinzelelo lolwelo oluqhuba ikhowuni endaweni emva kweziliphu. Emva kokuseta, nokuba sisitshixo soomatshini okanye uxinzelelo olubanjiweyo lubagcina bemile. Ukuthatha i-tubing kuqhuba umsebenzi wokukhulula.

I-Inflatable: Ekwaziwa njengezinto ezinokudumba, ezi zixhobo zixhomekeke kuxinzelelo lwe-fluid ukuvuthela iityhubhu zecylindrical zokuseta. Zifumaneka kuvavanyo lwemingxuma evulekileyo xa kusonjwa amaqula okuhlola kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwesamente ekuveliseni amaqula. Zikwafanelene namaqula apho abapakishi kufuneka badlule kwisithintelo phambi kokuseta kwidayamitha eyongezelelekileyo kwi-casings okanye imingxuma evulekileyo.

Ujongo oluneenkcukacha ngakumbi kwiinketho ezithile ezidumileyo zilandelayo:

Izinto zokupakisha unxunguphalo ezinokufunyanwa zixhasa imveliso ephakathi ukuya kubunzulu obunzulu okanye imisebenzi yokutofa. Ezi zineseti ye-unidirectional slips ebambe nje i-casing kwiimeko ezinomthwalo woxinzelelo kwi-tubing. Uxinzelelo lwetyhubhu lwenqanaba lunika amandla izinto. Olu didi lusekwe ngoomatshini kwaye lukhutshwe ngokujikeleza ityhubhu. Uninzi lweemodeli ziza kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-chear engxamisekileyo kwimeko apho indlela yokuqala yokukhupha isilela.

Iipaki zoxinzelelo zisebenza kwiimeko apho uxinzelelo olungaphantsi luhlala luphezulu ngamaxesha onke kunoxinzelelo lwe-annulus olubekwe kwisixhobo. Olu xinzelelo luphezulu lunyanzela izinto ukuba zibe kwindibano yokutyibilika yokugcina uxinzelelo.

Izinto zokupakisha zokucinezela ezinokubuyiswa ezinolwelo oludlulayo zifanelekile kuxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye noxinzelelo oluphakathi lweoyile kunye negesi kwindawo yokomba kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi. I-interlock yomatshini igcina icandelo ekumiseni. Ngelixa ibaleka emngxunyeni, ukujikeleziswa kwetyhubhu kuyenza isebenze into. Tsala iibhloko ezibekwe phezu kwento uyibambe kwindawo kwaye unikeze ukuxhathisa okuyimfuneko ukuyiseta. Xa uqhagamshelo lukhululiwe, ukuthotywa komtya wetyhubhu kuvumela ukuvalwa kwetywina le-bypass kunye nokusetwa kweziliphu. Ukusebenzisa ngokuqhubekayo amandla okuyekelela kudala itywina ngokunika amandla iimveliso. Ukukhululwa kufezekiswa ngokulula ngokutsalwa phezulu kwintambo ye-tubing.

Olu khetho lunamandla akhethekileyo okumelana noxinzelelo olwandisiweyo kunye namaqondo obushushu kunezinye iindlela zoxinzelelo. Ivalve ye-bypass iphucula umthamo wompakishi ukulinganisa uxinzelelo olufunyenwe kwi-tubing kunye ne-annulus kwaye yenza kube lula ukukhulula isixhobo. Ukunyanzeliswa okuqhubekayo okanye ubunzima be-tubing buyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-valve ye-bypass ihlala ivaliwe. Ezi aziyifanelanga imingxuma yokutofa okanye imisebenzi yokunyanga uxinzelelo lomthamo omncinci.

Uxinzelelo olunokufunyanwa / iseti yoxinzelelo ikhuthaza ukuhla kwetyhubhu kuxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, okanye ukungathathi hlangothi. Ezi zezona yunithi zixhaphakileyo zokufunyanwa ngoomatshini namhlanje. Banoluhlu olubanzi lolungelelwaniso loxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, okanye indibaniselwano yezi zibini zokuseta kunye nokupakisha into. Ukukhethwa kweenkqubo kunye nokulinganisa okungafaniyo kwenza kube luncedo kuluhlu oluninzi lweemeko. Ngezi seti, amandla anika amandla avalelwe kunye nesixhobo sokutshixa sangaphakathi de iyunithi ikhutshwe ngevalve yokudlula. Le valve inceda ekulinganeni ngokunjalo.

Ezi zixhobo zisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi kunezinye izisombululo kwaye zikhona kuzo zombini iimeko zemveliso kunye nenaliti.

Izakhiwo zesealbore ezisisigxina nezinokubuyiswa zibekwe ngeentambo zombane okanye iihydraulics kumtya wetyhubhu. Ukuseta nge-wireline kunika isantya esongeziweyo kunye nokuchaneka ngelixa iinketho zohambo olunye lwe-hydraulic-setting zizuza kufakelo lwepasi enye. Baququzelela inkqubo yokumisela kunye neentloko ezivulekileyo. Olu luhlu lubonisa iisealbore zangaphakathi ezikhazimlisiweyo. Indibano yokutywina yetyhubhu equka ukupakishwa kwe-elastomeric yenza itywina elidibanisa iityhubhu yemveliso kunye ne-packer bore. Ukubekwa kwezitywina ze-elastomeric kwibhore kudala ukwahlulwa komthombo.

Uhlobo lwendibano yendawo luvumela ukunyakaza kwetywina ngexesha lemveliso kunye nokunyanga imisebenzi. Uhlobo lokudityaniswa kwee-ankile lukhusela amatywina ngaphakathi kwendawo yokupakisha ukunqanda intshukumo yetyhubhu.

Izisombululo ezisisigxina ze-sealbore zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphuculweyo kunamacandelo anokubuyiswa. Zinobunzima obukhulu kuyilo nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibiza kakhulu.

Njengesinye sezona zixhobo zibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokugqitywa, abapakishi banzima kakhulu ukwenza ubuchwepheshe. Iipakethi ze-Vigor zenziwe kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokuvelisa eqinisekisiweyo kwaye zihlala zilawulwa ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana nemigangatho ye-API11D1 ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa. Kuchanekile ngenxa yolawulo olungqongqo lweVigor lwenkqubo ukuba umgangatho wemveliso uhlala udlula ulindelo lwabathengi, ukuba unomdla kwimveliso yeVigor yokugaya kunye nokugqiba izixhobo zokugawula, nceda unganqikazi ukudibana neqela lezobugcisa beVigor ukuze ufumane okona kulungileyo. iimveliso ezisemgangathweni kunye neenkonzo.

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, ungabhalela kwibhokisi yethu yeposiinfo@vigorpetroleum.com&marketing@vigordrilling.com