Pamusoro 10 Zvakanaka Kupedzisa Zvishandiso

Mhando dzematurusi ekudzika pasi anowanzo shandiswa mumahombekombe oiri kupedzisa uye tambo dzekugadzira dzinosanganisira: Packer, SSSV, Sliding Sleev, (Nipple), Side Pocket Mandrel, Seating Nipple, Flow Coupling, Blast joint, Test Valve, Drain Valve, Mandrel, Plug. , nezvimwewo.

1.Packers

Iyo packer ndeimwe yeanonyanya kukosha ekudzikisa maturusi mutambo yekugadzira, uye mabasa ayo makuru ndeaya anotevera:

Kupatsanura magadziro ekugadzira kudzivirira kusangana uye kupindira kwemvura uye kudzvanywa pakati pematanho;

Kuparadzaniswa kwekuuraya mvura uye mvura yekugadzira;

Sangana zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodiwa zvemafuta (gasi) kugadzirwa uye workover mashandiro;

Chengetedza iyo packer fluid mune casing annulus kuchengetedza casing uye kuve nechokwadi chekugadzirwa kwakachengeteka.

Iwo mapaketi anoshandiswa mumafuta ekumahombekombe egungwa (gasi) kupedzisa kwemunda anogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: inodzoserwa uye isingaperi, uye zvinoenderana neyakagadzika nzira, inogona kukamurwa kuita hydraulic kuseta, mechaniki yekumisikidza uye tambo yekumisikidza. Packers inogona kukamurwa kuita marudzi mazhinji, uye sarudzo inonzwisisika inofanira kuitwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvekugadzira. Izvo zvakakosha zvikamu zvepakeki zvitsvedza uye rubber, uye vamwe vanotakura havana slips (packers ematsime akazaruka). Kune akawanda marudzi emapakiti, iro basa guru iro rinotsigira pakati pema slips uye casing uye chisimbiso pakati pema slip uye casing yekusimbisa imwe nzvimbo.

2.Downhole kuchengetedza valve

Iyo downhole kuchengetedza vharafu mudziyo wekudzora kuyerera kwemvura mutsime, semoto uri papuratifomu yekugadzira oiri yekumahombekombe, kuputika kwepombi, kuputika, kusadzora chitubu cheoiri chakakonzerwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika, nezvimwewo, kuitira kuti iyo downhole yekuchengetedza vharafu inogona kuvharwa yega kuti ione kuyerera kwemvura mutsime.

1) Chikamu chekuchengetedza mavharuvhu:

Simbi waya inodzoserwa kuchengetedza vharafu

Oiri pombi inotakurika yekuchengetedza vharafu

Casing annulus kuchengetedza vharafu Iyo inowanzo shandiswa yekuchengetedza vharafu ndiyo tubing inotakurika yekuchengetedza vharafu

2) Nheyo yekuita

Yakadzvinyirirwa nepasi, iyo hydraulic oiri inopfuudzwa kune yekumanikidza yekufambisa gomba kune piston kuburikidza nekumanikidza hydraulic control pombi, ichisundira piston pasi uye kudzvanya chitubu, uye flap vharafu inovhurwa. Kana iyo hydraulic control pressure ichichengetwa, valve yekuchengetedza iri munzvimbo yakazaruka; kuburitsa Kudzvanywa kweiyo hydraulic control line inosundirwa kumusoro nechirimo tension kufambisa piston kumusoro, uye ndiro yevharuvhu iri munzvimbo yakavharwa.

3.Sliding sleeve

1) Sleeve inotsvedza inogona kuvhara kana kubatanidza kubatana pakati petambo yekugadzira uye annular nzvimbo kuburikidza nekubatana pakati pemukati nekunze maoko. Mabasa ayo makuru ndeaya anotevera:

Kukurudzira kuvhuvhuta mushure mekupedza tsime;

Kutenderera kunouraya;

Kusimudza gasi

Pombi yejet yakagara

Multi-layer matsime anogona kushandiswa kugadzirwa kwakasiyana, akaturikidzana kuyedzwa, akaturikidzana jekiseni, nezvimwewo;

Multi-layer yakasanganiswa migodhi;

Mhanyai plug mugomba kuti muvhare tsime kana kuyedza kumanikidza kwechubhu;

Inotenderera makemikari agent anticorrosion, nezvimwewo.

2) Kushanda musimboti

Sleeve inotsvedza inovhara kana kubatanidza nzira iri pakati pepombi yemafuta nenzvimbo yeannular nekufambisa sleeve yemukati. Kana iyo chiteshi chemukati sleeve yakatarisana nekupfuura kweiyo inotsvedza sleeve body, slideway iri munzvimbo yakavhurika. Kana maviri acho achidzedzereka, sleeve inotsvedza inovharwa. Pane cylinder inoshanda pachikamu chepamusoro cheslide sleeve, iyo inoshandiswa kugadzirisa downhole flow control device ine chokuita nesliding sleeve. Kune nzvimbo yekuvharisa yekugumira pamativi ekumusoro uye ezasi emukati sleeve, iyo inogona kubatira pamwe nekuvharika kwekurongedza kweiyo downhole mudziyo wekuvharira chisimbiso. Batanidza sliding sleeve switch tool pasi peyekutanga tambo tambo, uye ita simbi waya kushanda. Sleeve inotsvedza inogona kubatidzwa nekudzima. Zvimwe zvacho zvinoda kuvhunduka zvichidzika kufambisa ruoko pasi kuti uvhure sleeve inotsvedza, asi vamwe vanoda kuvhunduka vachikwira kuti vaite zvemukati Sleeve inokwira kumusoro kuti ivhure sleeve inotsvedza.

4.Nipple

1) Kuronga uye kushandiswa kwekushanda Nipple

Kukamurwa kweNipples:

(1) Maererano nenzira yekumisikidza: kune marudzi matatu: selictivity, Top NO-GO uye Pazasi NO-GO, sezvinoratidzwa muFigures a, b, uye c.

Mamwe mandrels anogona kuva nemhando mbiri yesarudzo uye yekumusoro inomira (sezvinoratidzwa muFigure b). Iyo inonzi sarudzo yemhando inoreva kuti dhayamita yemukati ye mandrel haina chikamu chekudzikisa dhayamita, uye saizi yakafanana yechishandiso chekugara inogona kupfuura nayo, saka mandrels akawanda ehukuru hwakafanana anogona kudzikiswa mutambo imwechete yepombi, uye iyo yepamusoro inomira inoreva kuti iyo yemukati dhayamita yeyakavharwa mandrel iri Pamusoro pechivharo chine nhanho inofamba pane yakaderedzwa dhayamita chikamu chinoita pamusoro, nepo yakaderedzwa dhayamita chikamu chepasi chivharo chiri pazasi, chikamu chekuisa chisimbiso che iyo plug haigone kupfuura, uye chinomisa chiri pazasi chinowanzoiswa pazasi petambo imwe yepombi. Sechitunha chemudziyo uye kudzivirira tambo dzechishandiso chewaya kuti dzirege kuwira pasi pegomba.

(2) Zvinoenderana nekumanikidza kwekushanda: kune yakajairika kudzvanywa uye kudzvanywa kwepamusoro, iyo yekutanga inoshandiswa kune yakajairika matsime, uye iyo yekupedzisira inoshandiswa kune yakanyanya kudzvanywa mafuta uye gasi matsime.

Kushandiswa kweNipples:

Gara mujammer.

Gara pasi pevhu kuti udzore otomatiki vharuvhu yekuchengetedza.

Gara muvharuvhu yekutarisa.

Mhanya mumudziyo wekuyamura (chombo nozzle) kuderedza tsime remusoro.

Batira pamwe nePolished Nipple, isa kupatsanurwa sleeve kana pup joint, gadzirisa yakanganisika pombi yemafuta kana gobvu pombi pedyo neoiri layer.

Gara uye uturike pasi midziyo yekuyeresa.

Inogona kudzivirira tambo yemidziyo kuti isawira pasi pegomba panguva yekushanda kwewaya.

5. Side Pocket Mandrel

1) Chimiro chekushanda

Iyo Side Pocket Mandrel ndeimwe yeakakosha downhole maturusi ekupedzisa zvakanaka. Iyo inosanganiswa neakasiyana gasi ekusimudza mavharuvhu kuti aone nzira dzakasiyana dzekusimudza gasi, mhanyisa mabhomba emvura ehukuru hwakasiyana, uye kuona jekiseni rakaiswa. Chimiro chayo chinoratidzwa mumufananidzo, chine zvikamu zviviri, pombi yepasi uye eccentric cylinder, saizi yepombi yepasi yakafanana neyepombi yemafuta, chikamu chepamusoro chine sleeve yekumisikidza, uye eccentric cylinder ine. musoro wechiratidzo chemudziyo, groove yekukiya, silinda yekuisa chisimbiso uye gomba rekutaurirana rekunze.

2) Zvimiro zveSide Pocket Mandrel:

Positioning: Ita marudzi ese ematurusi epasi eccentric uye nemazvo anonamira mukati meeccentric barrel.

Kuzivikanwa: Zvishandiso zveDownhole zvehukuru chaihwo zvinomhanyiswa mu eccentric barrel, nepo mamwe maturusi ehukuru hwakakura achipfuura nepapombi yepasi.

Kudzvinyirira kukuru kwekuedza kunobvumirwa.

2) Basa reSide Pocket Mandrel: kusimudza gasi, jekiseni remakemikari, jekiseni remvura, kuuraya kutenderera, nezvimwe.

6. Plug

Kana pasina chivharo chekudzivirira pasi kana kuti chivharo chekuchengetedza chinokundikana, tambo yesimbi inoshanda, uye ipulagi yehukuru hunoenderana inodzikiswa muhumburumbira hwekushanda kuvhara tsime. Kuyedzwa kwekumanikidza kwetubing uye kuseta kwema hydraulic packers panguva yekupedza zvakanaka kana kushanda kwekushanda.

7. Gasi rinosimudza valve

Iyo gasi yekusimudza vharafu inodzikiswa mune eccentric inoshanda silinda, iyo inogona kuona dzakasiyana nzira dzekusimudza gasi, senge inoenderera kusimudza gasi kana kusimuka gasi kusimudza.

8.Flow couping

Iyo inoyerera couping ichokwadi pombi yakakora, iyo yemukati dhayamita yakafanana neyepombi yemafuta, asi iyo dhayamita yekunze yakakura zvishoma, uye inowanzoshandiswa kumucheto wepamusoro uye wakaderera wevhavhavhavhavha. Pamatsime eoiri negasi ane goho guru, matsime eoiri ane zvinobuda anogona kusarudza kushandisa kana kusashandisa. Kana gasi remafuta akakwira-goho richiyerera nepakati pevharuvhu rekuchengetedza, rinokonzeresa kudonha nekuda kwekuderedzwa kwedhayamita, zvichikonzera kukukurwa kweeddy ikozvino uye kupera pamagumo ayo ekumusoro neakadzika.

9.Oil Drain valve

Ivhavha yekudhonza mafuta inowanzoiswa pa 1-2 pombi dzemafuta pamusoro pevhavha yekutarisa. Ndiyo chiteshi chekuburitsa chemvura mupombi yemafuta kana pombi yekuongorora yakasimudzwa kumusoro, kuitira kuti kuderedze mutoro weiyo workover rig uye kudzivirira mvura yetsime kubva pakusvibisa dhizaini uye nharaunda. Parizvino kune mhando mbiri dzemavharuvhu ekudonhedza oiri: kudonhedza tsvimbo uye bhora-kukanda hydraulic drain. Iyo yekare inonyanya kukodzera mafuta akaonda uye matsime emafuta anorema ane kucheka kwemvura yakakwirira; iyo yekupedzisira inoshandiswa kune inorema matsime emafuta ane yakaderera mvura kuchekwa uye ane yakakwirira kubudirira.

10.Pipe scraper

1) Chinangwa: Inoshandiswa kubvisa simende block, simende sheath, hard wax, akasiyana makristasi emunyu kana madhipoziti, perforation burrs uye iron oxide uye imwe tsvina inosara pamadziro emukati mecasing, uye kune Unipeded kuwana kune akasiyana siyana downhole maturusi. Kunyanya kana nzvimbo ye annular pakati pemudziyo wepasi uye dhayamita yemukati yekasi iduku, danho rinotevera rekuvaka rinofanira kuitwa mushure mekutsvaira kwakakwana.

2) Chimiro: Inoumbwa nemuviri, banga rendiro, yakagadziriswa block, kudzvanya block uye zvimwe zvikamu.

3) Kushanda musimboti: usati wapinda mutsime, iyo yakakura yekuisa saizi yechikamu chikuru che scraper yakakura kupfuura dhayamita yemukati yekasi. Mushure mekupinda mutsime, blade inomanikidzwa kudzvanya pasi chitubu, uye chitubu chinopa radial feed simba. Paunenge uchikwenya zvinhu zvakaoma, zvinotora akati wandei kukwenya kusvika mukati medhayamita yekasi. Iyo scraper yakabatanidzwa kumucheto wezasi wetambo yepombi yepasi, uye kukwira nekudzika kwekufamba kwetambo yepombi ndiyo axial feed panguva yekurembera pasi.

Inogona kuonekwa kubva pakuumbwa kweblade kuti spiral blade imwe neimwe ine maviri arc-shaped cutting edges mukati nekunze. Kukuya mhedzisiro. Iyo mitsetse-yakaita blades yakagovaniswa zvakaenzana pamusoro peiyo scraper maererano nekuruboshwe helical line, iyo inobatsira kumusoro kudzoka matope kuti ibvise marara akaraswa.

Simba rinotarisa pakugadzirwa nekuvandudzwa kwezvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zveindasitiri yemafuta negasi, uye maturusi ekupedzisira anogadzirwa naVigor akashandiswa muminda mikuru yemafuta pasi rese uye ave achizivikanwa zvakanyanya nevatengi. Kusvika ikozvino, Vigor yasvika kwenguva yakareba kubatana nevatengi vakati wandei mumunda wekupedzisa maturusi. Kana iwe uchifarira Vigor's drilling uye kupedza maturusi, ndapota usazeza kubata nesu.